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Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - must

 

Must

must
1. v. & n. --v.aux. (3rd sing. present must; past had to or in indirect speech must) (foll. by infin., or absol.) 1 a be obliged to (you must go to school; must we leave now?; said he must go; I must away). Usage The negative (i.e. lack of obligation) is expressed by not have to or need not; must not denotes positive forbidding, as in you must not smoke. b in ironic questions (must you slam the door?). 2 be certain to (we must win in the end; you must be her sister; he must be mad; they must have left by now; seemed as if the roof must blow off). 3 ought to (we must see what can be done; it must be said that). 4 expressing insistence (I must ask you to leave). 5 (foll. by not + infin.) a not be permitted to, be forbidden to (you must not smoke). b ought not; need not (you mustn't think he's angry; you must not worry). c expressing insistence that something should not be done (they must not be told). 6 (as past or historic present) expressing the perversity of destiny (what must I do but break my leg). --n. colloq. a thing that cannot or should not be overlooked or missed (if you go to London St Paul's is a must). Phrases and idioms I must say often iron. I cannot refrain from saying (I must say he made a good attempt; a fine way to behave, I must say). must needs see NEEDS. Etymology: OE moste past of mot may 2. n. grape-juice before fermentation is complete. Etymology: OE f. L mustum neut. of mustus new 3. n. mustiness, mould. Etymology: back-form. f. MUSTY 4. adj. & n. (also musth) --adj. (of a male elephant or camel) in a state of frenzy. --n. this state. Etymology: Urdu f. Pers. mast intoxicated
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1.
  I. verb (present & past all persons ~) Etymology: Middle English moste, from Old English mōste, past indicative & subjunctive of mōtan to be allowed to, have to; akin to Old High German muozan to be allowed to, have to Date: before 12th century verbal auxiliary 1. be commanded or requested to , be urged to ; ought by all means to , be compelled by physical necessity to , 3. be obliged to ; be compelled by social considerations to , be required by law, custom, or moral conscience to , be determined to , be unreasonably or perversely compelled to , be logically inferred or supposed to , be compelled by fate or by natural law to , was or were presumably certain to ; was or were bound to , may, shall, intransitive verb to be obliged to go , II. noun Date: 1616 an imperative need or duty ; requirement, an indispensable item ; essential , III. noun Etymology: Middle English, from Old English, from Latin ~um Date: before 12th century the expressed juice of fruit and especially grapes before and during fermentation, IV. noun Etymology: Middle English (Scots) moist, from Middle French ~, alteration of musc musk Date: 15th century musk, mold, ~iness ...
Толковый словарь английского языка

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